thereby founding Group theory and Galois theory. c. 1347: The Black Death kills millions of people across Europe. Copernicus also worked as a diplomat and physician, and made important contributions to economics. Karen Uhlenbeck (born 1942) is an American mathematician, professor emeritus at the University of Texas, and distinguished visiting professor at Princeton University. 1969: Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin land and walk on One of his most enduring contributions to mathematics is Ceva’s Theorem, about the relationship between different line segments in a triangle. While travelling to Egypt, Fourier became particularly fascinated with heat.
He managed to classify and solve all cubic equations, and found new ways to understand Euclid’s parallel axiom.
He studied under Plato in Athens, Greece and under Egyptian priests in Heliopolis, Egypt. Unfortunately, as a woman, she was faced with significant opposition. This tablet shows a multiplication table that was created around 2600 BCE in the Sumerian city of Shuruppak. The inscription was only recently rediscovered by Amir Aczel. During the Second World War, Turing played a critical role in breaking the Enigma code used by the German military, as part of the “Government Code and Cypher School” at Bletchley Park. Bhaskara II (1114 – 1185) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer. 1859: Charles Darwin publishes “On the Origin of Species”, introducing the moon. Wang Zhenyi (王贞仪, 1768 – 1797) was a Chinese scientist and mathematician living during the Qing dynasty.
Zhu also published a number of other mathematics texts, like the Suanxue Qimeng (New Arithmetic Enlightenment) in 1299.
1482: First printed edition of Euclid’s Elements. 1874: Cantor proves that there are different “sizes” of infinity, and that He worked at the “House of Wisdom”, which contained the first large collection of academic books since the destruction of the Library of Alexandria. 1633: Galileo Galilei is tried by the Catholic Inquisition for his In 1950, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature, for his work “in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought”. He worked on analysis, differential equations and number theory, and was one of the pioneers in the study of elliptic functions. The Incans used a decimal number system like we do today. The French mathematician Évariste Galois (1811 – 1832) had a short and tragic life, yet he invented two entirely new fields of mathematics: Group theory and Galois theory. He was quickly promoted to director, and the Foundation was later renamed as Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute. He also studied geometry and algebra, and found an exact formula for π (also using infinite series). Florence Nightingale (1820 – 1910) was an English nurse and statistician. Kepler also worked in optics, and invented an improved telescope for his observations. 1687: Newton publishes the Principia Mathematica, containing the laws of It shows the geometric diagram of a square with its diagonals. 1905: Einstein explains the photoelectric effect and Brownian motion, He created Boolean algebra, which uses operators like AND, OR and NOT (rather than addition or multiplication) and can be used when working with sets. Unfortunately for Bolyai, the mathematicians Gauss and Lobachevsky discovered similar results at the same time, and received most of the credit. Yet, he managed to develop new ideas in complete isolation, while working as a clerk in a small shop. Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης, c. 384 – 322 BCE) was a philosopher in Ancient Greece. It would not be wrong to call him a mathematical prodigy. Page 15 from a translation of Al-Jabr, which shows how to solve quadratic equations of the form x2+bx=c.
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